Method of making a cup



Sept. 15, 1936. w CUMMINS 2,054,245

METHOD OF MAKING A CUP Filed July 14, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l'II/III/(IIIIIIIIII/(IIIIII/ 3114mm NORMAN w CUMMINS IIIIIIIIII p 1936-N. w. CUMMINS METHOD OF MAKING A CUP Fiied July 14, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet2 qwwnio'c NORMAN WQCUMMINS 1117/1776. @31 gm W cucmw,

Patented Sept. 15, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METHOD OF MAKING ACUP Norman W. Cummins, Louisville, Ky. Application July 14, 1932, SerialNo. 622,374

9 Claims.

This invention pertains to a structure and method of producing hollowware to be mounted on a base to produce cups such as used for servingliquids, ices and other comestibles.

The object of this invention is to organize a method for producing atype of cup that lends itself to mass production.

To enable a full understanding of this invention reference is had to theaccompanying draw- 10 ings which are incorporated into thisspecification.

Figure l is an elevational view of a bowl and base constituting a cup,shown partially in cross section.

15 Fig. 2 is a top view of the screw shown in Fig.

3 for securing the bowl to the base.

Fig. 3 is a cross section of the bowl as shown in Fig. 1 together with across sectional elevation of the screw prior to attachment of the out-20 side base of the bowl.

Fig. 4 is a modification of Fig. 3 together with a portion of the toolsfor effecting attachment of the screw to the bowl.

Fig. '5 is a cross section of a modified bowl to be similarly assembledto a base as shown in the previous figures, together with a forming toolexplained hereinafter.

Fig. 6 is an elevation principally in cross section of tools as used informing the bowl shown 30 in Fig. together with the blank before and theproduct after forming, both shown in cross section. I

Numeral is a bowl which is drawn in a conventional way plus a forming toproduce a reverse curve lOa adjacent the opening.

Numeral i iindicates a detachable base molded from phenol-aldehyde,condensation product or the like which is shown removably attached tothe outside bottom of said bolt by means of screw I2 and nut l3.

Heretofore it has been common practice to make cups of this class of twopieces and permanentlyattaching them together by riveting, soldering,brazing, et cetera. A feature of the cup produced by the incident methodis the provision of means for attaching a screw to the outside bottom ofthe bowl in such a manner as not to break or mar the inside surfacewhich would be incident to other attaching methods. This screw isemployed for the attachment of a base, which can be of any selectedmaterial or finish.

The screw has been fashioned as shown by the numerals l3-l3a with amajor portion of the top of head removed to enable instant attachment byelectrically welding as shown in Fig. 4,

wherein ll indicates relatively large electrode, the face of which isfashioned to exactly correspond with the inside surface of the bowl topresent a large area and to prevent distortion when the electric currentis applied between a same and electrode l5 which is hollowed out toreceive screw I3. The top face of I 3a has been made concave on a lesserarc than the outside convex surface i6 of bowl I 0.

It will be perceived that as current is applied to 10 the electrodeswith the contacting surfaces being very small that a rapidly formed weldresults. Attention is also directed to the fact that the head of screwI322 has a thickness substantially the same as that of the wall of bowl10 which also makes for a rapid and non-disturbing action.

In Fig. 3 the same general idea has been carried out to correspondinglyeiiect a welding where fiat bottom I! has been formed in bowl Ill. Whileit is possible to eifect a weld between the outside bottom of bowl andtop surface of the screw where the abutting surfaces are bothpractically flat, the preferred method has been shown. The bowl shown inFig. 5 while of a different shape belongs to the same general class andcan have screws attached as shown in the preceding figures and for thesame purpose, it will be perceived that the bases for both types of cupsare interchangeable.

Bases made of metal or other types of material can be substituted forthe one shown in Fig. 1. This system has been evolved to meet a growingdemand for a variety of colored bases with bright or colored finishedbowls such as chromium.

In Fig. 6 shell 20 is shown after the second operation from the blank,before removal from forming die 2| constructed with straight walls. Ram22 is employed to engage top edge 21a of blank 20 and push it along theinside of the cav- 40 ity as shown by numeral 23. During this pushingprocess the bottom tapering wall 201: is

; materially thickened due to crowding in of the metal while the topwall remains the same as at the beginning which is also substantiallytrue of the bottom. By this procedure a bowl with a dense grainstructure and smooth surface is produced. Coincident with this pushingoperation the grain structure of the thickened wall has been materiallycondensed which facilitates surface finishing which not only contributesto a superior surface, but tangibly reduces the labor required. This isin contrast to bowls produced by the conventional methods of drawing orspinh ng Q! a combination of same, the former pro- 5:.

ducing loose and torn fibres and the latter making objectionable toolmarks. To satisfactorily finish the surfaces resulting from the lattermethods involve expense eliminated by the in cident method.

After ram 22 has been withdrawn, knock out pin 26 is moved vertically toeject the formed bowl. Bowl 23 is then placed into a die, not shown,corresponding to its outside contour of the bowl when ram, of the pressin'which the instrumentalities are disposed, forces forming die 25 overthe mouth and results in reverse curve 26 substantially shown. The sameprocedure is followed in producing the reverse curve of Fig. 1 referredto supra.

The base can be formed with an integral nut in hen of the separate nutas illustrated. Other modifications, combination and alterations can beindulged without departing from the spirit of this invention therefore Iwish to be limited only by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A method of producing a means for detachably securing a bowl to abase to produce a drinking cup, consisting of attaching the top surfaceof the head of a screw to the outside bottom surface of said bowl, byapplying an electrode contacting and conforming to the inner surface ofsaid bowl, applying a second electrode contacting the shoulder of saidscrew, passing an electric heating current across said shoulder to saidbottom surface and applying pressure to effect an attaching weld.

2. A method of producing a means for detachably securing a bowl to abase to produce a drinking cup, consisting of welding the top concavesurface of the head of a screw to the outside bottom surface of saidbowl, said concave surface being formed on a sufficient radius to causethe welding to start at the remote edges of same, by applying anelectrode contacting and conforming to the inner surface of said bowl,ap plying a second electrode contacting the shou1 der of said screw,passing an electric heating current across said remote edges to saidbottom surface and applying pressure to elfect the dcsired weld.

3. A method of producing a means for detachably securing a bowl to abase to produce a drinking cup, consisting of welding the top concavesurface of the head of a screw to the outside convex bottom surface ofsaid bowl, said concave surface being formed on a lesser radius thanthat of the convex bottom, by applying an electrode contacting andconforming to the inner concave surface of said bowl applying a secondelectrode contacting shoulder of said screw, passing an electric heatingcurrent to said shoulder and said convex bottom surface and applyingpressure to effect the desired weld.

4. The method for producing the bowl of a metal cup which consists ofdrawing a disc of sheet metal into the form of a cup, then pushing saidcup into a compression die to reduce the diameter and thicken the wallsadjacent the closed end of said cup.

,. acme-is 5. The method for producing the bowl of a metal cup whichconsists of drawing a disc of sheetmetal into the form of a cup, thenpushing said cup into a compression die to reduce the diameter andthicken the walls adjacent-"the closed end of said cup; and subsequentlyreducing the diameter of the open end of said cup.

6. The method of making a metal bowl for a cup having a relatively thickwall adjacent the bottom, a relatively thin wall adjacent the open top,and wherein the amount of metal in the wall adjacent the top diminishesfrom a section adjacent the bottom toward the top, which comprisestaking a flat blank of stock having a thickness substantially equal tothe thickness of the wall adjacent the top in the resultant bowl anddrawing it into a preliminary bowl, upsetting the stock while passingfrom said preliminary bowl to the resultant bowl to form the thickenedwall adjacent the bottom leaving the top wall substantially unaltered asto thickness.

7. A method of producing a means for detachably securing a bowl to abase to produce a drinking cup, consisting of welding the top surface ofthe head of a screw to the outside bottom convex surface of said bowl,by applying an electrode contacting and conforming to the inner concavesurface of said bowl, applying a second electrode contacting theshoulder of said screw, passing an electric heating current across saidshoulder to said bottom surface and applying pressure to effect anattaching weld.

8. The method of making a metal drinking cup consisting of a bowl with aconstricted opening and equipped with a means for detachably securing asupporting base, which comprises drawing a disc into a bowl, thenconstricting the diameter of the wall adjacent the opening to a lesserdiameter by a compression die, then welding the top surface of a screwhead to the outside bottom surface of said bowl by applying an electrodecontacting and conforming to the inner surface of said bowl, applying asecond electrode contacting the shoulder of said screw, passing anelectric heating current across said shoulder to said bottom surface andapplying pressure to effect an attaching weld.

9. The method of making a metal drinking cup consisting of a bowlequipped with a means for detachably securing a supporting base whichcomprises drawing a disc into a preliminary bowl, then constricting andupsetting the body by a compression die to thicken its wall adjacent thebottom, leaving the top wall' substantially un- NORMAN W. CUMMINS.

